Production of hydrogen- and methane-rich gas by stepped pyrolysis of biomass and its utilization in IC engines

Automobile industries primarily use petroleum-based fuels like petrol and diesel, creating environmental hazards, a high carbon footprint, severe health issues. The world focuses on compressed natural gas (CNG)-based energy solutions developing CNG infrastructures to minimize concerns from fossil fuel. current focus introduce fraction of hydrogen with in the existing fuel system is initiated here. Therefore, biomass utilization taken into account produce hydrogen-containing cut down footprint Biomass residues such as sun hemp, pigeon pea, mustard stem, wheat straw, dhaincha, vantulasi were slowly pyrolyzed stepped manner hydrogen-rich clean yield product (hydrogen-rich CNG; HCNG) obtained by pyrolysis process (21–29%) contains volumetric composition 40–55% 10–25% methane balanced oxides depending different feedstocks. This study also focused utilizing HCNG IC engine (2KVA Honda Genset) terms its running duration efficiency. maximum time observed hemp 30 min, followed stem 28 lowest 16 min. However, highest efficiency 87% for dhaincha which 3.6 times more effective, 74% Sun 3 effective than Genset power production. A correlation developed between ultimate analysis estimation.Graphical abstract